copd self‑management scale

Psychometric testing of the 20-item Self-Management Assessment Scale in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | S

Chronic Disease Management Still Missing a Scale?

In 2024, researchers showed that the 20-item COPD Self-Management Scale (C-SMASH) closes the missing-scale gap in chronic disease management by quantifying self-care before symptoms flare. By turning patient insight into actionable data, clinicians can intervene early, keeping exacerbations at bay. Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and